Basic PLC 1 Basic PLC Description This training introduces the basic hardware and software components of a Programmable Controller (PLC). It details the architecture and basic instruction set common to all PLC’s. Basic programming techniques and logic designs are covered.

This training describes the operating features of the PLC, the advantages of the PLC over hard-wired control systems, practical applications, troubleshooting and maintenance of PLC’s. 2 Basic PLC Objectives At the end of the training the participants should be able to: Describe the major components of a common PLC.

 Interpret PLC specifications.  Apply troubleshooting techniques. Test s otvetami gogolj revizor 8 klass 2.  Convert conventional relay logic to a PLC language.  Operate and program a PLC for a given application.

 3 Basic PLC Course Contents History of Programmable Controllers  Relay Ladder Logic  Central Processing Unit  Input/Output System  Programming and Peripheral Devices  Programming Concepts  Applications  Troubleshooting and Maintenance  4 Basic PLC INTRODUCTION TO PLCS Advantages of PLCs • Less wiring. • Wiring between devices and relay contacts are done in the PLC program. • Easier and faster to make changes. • Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime. • Reliable components make these likely to operate for years before failure. Basic PLC PLC Origin •- Developed to replace relays in the late 1960s •- Costs dropped and became popular by 1980s •- Now used in many industrial designs Basic PLC Historical Background The Hydramatic Division of the General Motors Corporation specified the design criteria for the first programmable controller in 1968 Their primary goal To eliminate the high costs associated with inflexible, relay-controlled systems.

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7 Basic PLC Historical Background • The controller had to be designed in modular form, so that sub-assemblies could be removed easily for replacement or repair. • The control system needed the capability to pass data collection to a central system. • The system had to be reusable.

• The method used to program the controller had to be simple, so that it could be easily understood by plant personnel. 8 Basic PLC Programmable Controller Development 1968 1969 1974 1976 1977  Programmable concept developed  Hardware CPU controller, with logic instructions, 1 K of memory and 128 I/O points  Use of several (multi) processors within a PLC - timers and counters; arithmetic operations; 12 K of memory and 1024 I/O points  Remote input/output systems introduced  Microprocessors - based PLC introduced 9 Basic PLC Programmable Controller Development  Intelligent I/O modules developed Enhanced communications facilities Enhanced software features (e.g. Born again christian nascar drivers.